The Android is a Linux Based Operating System by GOOGLE and Open Handset Alliance ,which provide a rich application Framework and help in developing interactive applications. The first OS version was introduced in November 5, 2007 with many of its versions named in Alphabetical order ranging from A-O and Oreo the stable version released in August 2017.
DETAILED ABOUT ANDROID VERSIONS :
Alpha – In this( Android 1.0) was the first versions of Android operating System by Google. It has basic functionality with a simple browser and other Google apps like Gmail, Maps and YouTube.
Beta – Later on with Android 1.1 few more functionality added, the API changes from Level 1 in Android 1.0 to Level 2. It supports attachment with MMS.
Cupcake – Cupcake was Android second version with new features as well as the Android framework API updated. It was Android 1.5 with on Screen Keyboard , Animated screen transitions, Auto-rotation option, New stock boot animation, Ability to upload videos to Youtube, Ability to upload photos to Picasa, Bluetooth and Updated UI for applications.
Donut – It was Android 1.6 nicknamed as DONUT. It added support for CDMA , additional
screen sizes, Support forWVGA screen resolutions, Speed improvements in searching and camera applications, Expanded Gesture framework and new Gesture Builder development tool talk to speech engine and battery indicator.
Eclair – Android 2.0-2.1 as like other versions this also come up with a nickname as ECLAIR and lot more functions & features. It come up with Bluetooth 2.1 , live wallpaper, HTML 5 support, ability to search sms & mms, flash support, digital zoom and more camera features
Froyo – Android version 2.2-2.2.3 introduced with USB tethering & WiFi hotspot functionality and apps can now be installed on memory card. Support Adobe flash, Support for numeric and alphanumeric passwords, Support for file upload fields in the Browser application, increased speed and performance of applications with new features.
Gingerbread – Gingerbread (Android 2.3-2.3.7) introduced with updated User Interface which provide more ease to use. Features are like sensors, multiple cameras(Front & back), virtual keyboard, better text suggestion, voice input capability and press hold copy paste capability.
Honeycomb – This Android platform Honeycomb was designed for large screens like tablets so interface elements like virtual keyboard optimized for bigger screen. Home screen is optimized, Hardware acceleration, Support for multi core processors, Ability to encrypt all user data tabs are introduced in browser with additional incognito mode and video chat & Gtalk is supported.
Ice Cream Sandwich – Ice Cream sandwich come in 2011 bringing all new look. It gives more ease to user like user can quickly swipe to close the apps, Automatic syncing of browser with users’ Chrome bookmarks, Data Usage section in settings that lets users set warnings when they approach a certain usage limit, and disable data use when the limit is exceeded new gallery layout and built in photo editor.
Jelly Bean – Google made Operating System more responsive with Jelly Bean and introduces file sharing with Android Beam. Restricted profile, Dial Pad complete, supported other languages like Hindi, Lock/home screen rotation support for the Nexus 7, One-finger gestures to expand/collapse notifications, Bugfixes and performance enhancements changed camera UI.
KitKat – Kitkat come up in 2013 with API Level 19. It has wireless printing capability, new
dailer id, Built-in screen recording feature (primarily for developers, as usage of ADB is required), Native infrared blaster API, Verified boot, Enforcing SELinux, Expanded accessibility APIs and system-level closed captioning settings, chrome webview and screen recording.
Lollipop – Android version 5.0-5.1.1 come up with improved RAM and battery management. Further restyling through Material design, no interrupts feature, unlock phone through Bluetooth trusted devices, print previews and smart lock feature.
Marshmallow – Marshmallow was released in year 2015, come up with smarter battery and doze mode (it prevents certain task from running if the phone being setting idle), Now On Tap, better privacy settings, easier to upgrade phone, Larger Application folders with multiple pages, Post-install/run-time permission requests Fingerprint sensor and built in visual voice mail.
Nougat( Version 7.0 ) – Android Nougat was made official in 2016 with updated emoji, 72 newly added, multi window view (switch between apps with double tap), smarter battery with data saver mode, Improvements to file browser, More Quick Settings options more secured and high quality virtual reality with new dimensions.
Oreo —Android Oreo is made official in August 21, 2017 with the biggest change to the foundations of Android to date: a modular architecture that makes it easier and faster for hardware makers to deliver Android updates. Also added Multi-display support, 2 times faster boot time, Apps background execution and location limits, Google Play Protect, Downloadable fonts, Integrated printing support, Deep color (Wider color gamut for apps), Wi-Fi Assistant
ANDROID PLATFORM VERSIONS:
Version Codename API Distribution
2.2 Froyo 8 0.1%
2.3.3 – 2.3.7 Gingerbread 10 1.2%
4.0.3 – 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich 15 1.2%
4.1.X Jelly Bean 16 4.5%
4.2.X Jelly Bean 17 6.4%
4.3 Jelly Bean 18 1.9%
4.4 Kitkat 19 24.0%
5.0 Lollipop 21 10.8%
5.1 Lollipop 22 23.2%
6.0 Marshmallow 23 26.3%
7.0 Nougat 24 -25 0.4%
8.0 Oreo 26
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